杰伊·塞拉菲诺 译/周坤 Jay Serafino
Bruce Lee is one of pop cultures most multifaceted icons. Legions of fans admire him for his movies， his martial arts prowess， his incomprehensible physical fitness， his championing of Chinese culture， and even his philosophies on life. Yet for all the new ground Lee broke， most of his recognition only came after his death at the age of 32. Read on to learn more about the life of this profound， if enigmatic， superstar.
1. Bruce Lees first starring role in a movie came when he was just 10 years old.
In 1950s The Kid， a pre-teen Bruce Lee played the role of Kid Cheung， a streetwise orphan and wry troublemaker， based on a comic strip from the time. Starring opposite Lee， playing a kindly factory owner， was his father， Lee Hoi-chuen， who also happened to be a famous opera singer. （Bruce Lee was actually born in San Francisco while his father was there on tour; Lee would move back to the U.S. in 1959.）
According to Lees biographer Matthew Polly， the movie was a big enough success in China to earn sequel consideration. There was just one problem：
A young Bruce Lee was getting into fights at school and out on the streets， so his father forbid him from acting again until he straightened up—which， of course， didnt wind up happening.
2. Bruce Lee was an exquisite cha-cha dancer.
Long before he was known for breakneck fight choreography， Bruce Lees physical skills were focused on the dance floor. More specifically， the cha-cha. In Pollys book， Bruce Lee：
A Life， the author explains that the dance trend made its way from Cuba through the Philippines and soon landed in China. And once the cha-cha settled into the Hong Kong social scene， it didnt take long for youth dance competitions to spring up. Lee had been taking part in cha-cha dancing since the age of 14， and in 1958， he won the Crown Colony Cha-Cha Championship. Foreshadowing his later dedication to martial arts， Lee would keep crib notes of all 108 different cha-cha steps in his wallet so that he could obsessively memorize them.
3. Bruce Lee trained numerous Hollywood stars.
As Bruce Lee worked to become a big-screen heavyweight， he made a living as a martial arts trainer to the stars. Among Lees students were Steve McQueen， James Coburn， James Garner， Roman Polanski， and Sharon Tate. For his services， Lee was known to charge about $275 per hour or $1000 for 10 courses. McQueen and Coburn grew so enamored with Lee over the years that they remained close friends until his death in 1973， with both men serving as pallbearers at Lees funeral （alongside Chuck Norris）.
4. Bruce Lee had his sweat glands removed.
Bruce Lee brought an impeccable physique to the screen that was decades ahead of its time. But because his roles required so much physicality， he would be drenched with sweat while filming. And apparently， the martial arts pioneer loathed the sweat stains that would show up on his clothing as a result. His solution？ In 1973， Lee actually underwent a procedure to surgically remove the sweat glands from his armpits to avoid the fashion faux pas from showing up on camera.
5. Bruce Lees cause of death still raises questions.
Bruce Lees death at the age of 32 on July 20， 1973， was officially ruled the result of a cerebral edema， or swelling of the brain. Lee had complained about headaches on the day of his death， and was given a painkiller by Betty Ting Pei—an actress who claimed to be Lees mistress—before lying down for a nap. He never woke up.
Though many reports at the time suggested Lee had an allergic reaction to an ingredient in the painkiller， Polly points to a mystery that began on May 10， 1973， when the star previously collapsed in a hot recording studio while dubbing new dialogue for Enter the Dragon.
In Pollys opinion， Lees collapse had to do with heatstroke， since his stint in an overheated recording studio was compounded by a lack of sweat glands that prevented his body from cooling off naturally. Heatstroke can also cause swelling in the brain， much like was found during Lees autopsy. And Dr. Lisa Leon， an expert in hyperthermia at the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine， told Polly， “A person who has suffered one heatstroke is at increased risk for another” and that there may be long-term complications after the initial incident.
6. Footage from Bruce Lees funeral was used in 1978s Game of Death.
At the time of his death， Bruce Lee was involved in numerous projects， including the movie that would become Game of Death， his next directorial effort. According to Vice， there wasnt much completed on the film by the time of Lees passing—there were some notes， a story outline （which simply read “The big fight. An arrest is made. The airport. The end.”）， and 40 minutes of footage， including Lees now-iconic fight against NBA great Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.
Usually， a project in that situation would just be a lost cause， but production company Golden Harvest wanted to salvage what they could， so they hired Enter the Dragon director Robert Clouse to put together... something. The result was a Frankensteins monster of a film， comprised of 11 minutes of existing footage Lee shot， overdubbed clips from his previous movies， and stand-ins to fill out certain scenes. The director even resorted to using an unfortunate Bruce Lee cardboard cutout to complete one shot.
Thats not even the top rung on the ladder of poor taste：
When the movie called for Lees character to fake his death， they used footage from his actual funeral to realize the scene， complete with waves of mourners， pallbearers， and closeups of Lees open casket.
李小龍是流行文化最多面的偶像之一。无论是他的电影、高强的武艺、不可思议的健硕身体，还是他对中国文化的大力弘扬，甚至他的处世哲学都为他吸引了大批粉丝。然而，李小龙32岁便英年早逝，他取得的所有新突破，大多在他过世后才为世人所认可。阅读下文，来更多地了解这位神秘超级巨星的人生。
1. 李小龙第一次领衔主演电影时年仅10岁。
在1950年的电影《细路祥》中，10岁出头的李小龙出演了阿祥一角。电影改编自当时的连环画，李小龙饰演一个圆滑机警、调皮捣蛋的街头孤儿。与他演对手戏的是他的父亲李海泉，扮演一个善良的工厂老板。李小龙的父亲也是知名的戏剧演员。（事实上李小龙出生在美国旧金山，当时他的父亲正在那儿巡演;1959年李小龙回到美国。）
据李小龙的传记作者马修·波利所说，这部电影在中国取得了很大的成功，吸引投资方考虑续集。可问题是年轻气盛的李小龙经常在校内外与人发生争斗，因此他的父亲便禁止他再拍戏直到他“改邪归正”——自然，这最终也没能实现。
2. 李小龙恰恰舞技十分精湛。
早在李小龙因迅猛凌厉的武打动作扬名之前，他的身体技能主要体现在舞蹈上，说得具体点，就是恰恰舞。在《李小龙：神话与真实》一书中，波利解释道，这种舞蹈潮流从古巴传到菲律宾，然后迅速登陆中国。恰恰舞进入香港社交场景后不久，全港青年舞蹈比赛便层出不穷。李小龙从14岁开始参加恰恰舞比赛，1958年赢得全港恰恰舞比赛冠军。李小龙将恰恰舞108种全舞步的小抄放在钱包里，以便随时随地默记，这预示了后来他对武术的痴迷。
3. 李小龙培训了大量好莱坞明星。
在努力成为银幕巨星的过程中，李小龙曾依靠给其他明星做武术指导谋生。他的弟子包括史蒂夫·麦奎因、詹姆斯·柯本、詹姆斯·加纳、罗曼·波兰斯基和莎朗·塔特。众所周知，李小龙授课每小时收费275美元或者10节课收费1000美元。麦奎因与柯本多年下来越来越喜欢李小龙，直到1973年李小龙过世他们一直是亲密的朋友，在李小龙的葬礼上，二人还为他抬棺（另外还有查克·诺里斯）。
4. 李小龙切除了汗腺。
李小龙的出现，给大银幕带来了领先于时代数十年的完美体格。然而由于他的角色对体能有很高的要求，拍摄的时候他就会满身大汗。显然，这位武术先驱讨厌因此而出现在衣服上的汗渍。怎么办？1973年，李小龙做手术去除了腋窝下的汗腺，以此避免在镜头前不雅观。
5. 李小龙的死因仍旧成谜。
1973年7月20日，32岁的李小龙离世，官方通报他死于脑水肿。李小龙曾在死亡当日抱怨自己头痛，演员贝蒂·丁佩（自称是李小龙的情人）给了他一片止痛药。服药后李小龙便躺下休息了，却再也没有醒过来。
尽管当时很多的报道称李小龙对止痛药中的一种成分过敏，但波利指出了一个疑点：早在1973年5月10日，李小龙就曾在闷热的录音棚内晕倒，当时他正为《龙争虎斗》录制新的配音。
根据波利的观点，李小龙晕倒与中暑有关。在过于闷热的录音棚工作时，由于他切除了汗腺，身体无法自然散热，导致情况恶化。中暑也会引起脑部肿胀，这与李小龙的尸检结果十分相符。此外，美国陆军环境医学研究所高烧高热方面的专家莉萨·莱昂博士告诉波利，“中过暑的人再中暑的风险很高”，而首次中暑后可能出现长期的并发症。
6. 1978年的《死亡游戏》中使用了李小龙葬礼镜头。
李小龙过世时正参与多个电影项目的拍摄，包括他执导的下一部影片，即后来的《死亡游戏》。据维斯新闻节目称，李小龙过世时电影并没有拍摄多少，只有一些笔记、故事大纲（简单写着“大格斗，逮捕完成，机场，结局”）以及40分钟的镜头，其中包括李小龙与NBA巨星卡里姆·阿布杜尔-贾巴尔的经典格斗。
通常而言，像这样的电影项目将会就此夭折，但出品方嘉禾影业想要竭力挽救，因此他们聘请了《龙争虎斗》的导演罗伯特·高洛斯来进行拼接……结果就有了电影界的科学怪物，由以下三部分拼接剪辑而成：李小龙已拍摄的11分钟镜头，他之前电影的配音片段，以及为填补某些特定场景而使用替身拍摄的画面。可叹的是，为了完成一个镜头，导演甚至使用了李小龙的人形纸板。
而这还不算最糟的：当电影需要李小龙的角色假装死亡时，他们使用了李小龙真实葬礼的镜头来完成这个场景。哀悼的人潮、为他抬棺的亲友，以及未合棺的李小龙特写镜头都用到了电影中。
（译者为“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛获奖者）
猜你喜欢波利李小龙小熊波利作文周刊·小学五年级版(2021年16期)2021-07-25“园丁”绑匪释放爱花人质环球时报(2019-07-29)2019-07-29做最真实的自己发明与创新·中学生(2019年2期)2019-02-26你一定在别处民间故事选刊·上(2017年8期)2017-08-21你一定在别处小小说月刊·下半月(2017年3期)2017-03-07迷你李小龙的奇幻游记少年文艺·开心阅读作文(2016年9期)2016-05-14我有一个幸福的家快乐作文·低年级(2015年1期)2015-03-26李小龙年表（１９４０－１９７３／１９７８）大事记中华传奇(2009年2期)2009-03-07 相关热词搜索： 奇事 Facts Amazing上一篇：金属与酸反应图象题突破
下一篇：聚焦铁的冶炼